This map is intended to provide generalized information on the location of the species relative to provincial highways only. Absolutely delightful facts about the blacktailed deer. Table of contents overview blacktailed deer whitetailed. Blacktail deer stock photos download 539 royalty free photos. See all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. We conducted 11 digestion trials with blacktailed odocoileus hemionus columbianus richardson and mule deer o.
Habitat guidelines for mule deer southwest deserts ecoregion pdf a gardeners guide to preventing deer damage pdf a sportsmans guide to improving deer habitat in california pdf an assessment of mule and blacktailed deer habitats and populations in california 1998 pdf california wildlife conservation bulletin no. Mule and blacktailed deer have antlers that fork on the main beam. It occurs throughout the southern provinces of canada, across the united states, and on into central and south america fig. Ensuring the conservation of mule deer, blacktailed deer and their habitat. During apr use which is still employed in some units, total harvest of mule deer bucks declined, and there was no increase in the number of mature mule deer bucks. In some seasons, antler shape can be easily used to distinguish species of male deer. Discrepancies may exist between the location of a wild animal remains found on a provincial highway and the normal range of the species. The tail is short, nar row, and white with a black tip and, unlike the white tailed deer, is not raised when the animal is alarmed. Strictly speaking, the blacktailed deer group consists of two subspecies, as it also includes o. Predation, starvation, and hunting are the main causes of death. Tim abell hosts this look into the challenges facing mule deer. Whitetailed deer antlers differ from mule and blacktailed deer in that there is one main beam with points coming off.
We found only 4 published studies of the effects of predation on blacktailed deer. Sitka blacktailed deer inhabit the most northwestern extension of the range of mule and blacktailed deer wallmo. Posted 12312019 deer, whitetailed deer 20202025 pdf, 5. Big game black bear 19992010 pdf, 750 kb elk 20142024 pdf, 16 mb deer, mule deer 20202025 pdf, 3. Western association of fish and wildlife agencies abstract. Blacktailed deer mate from november through december. Generally, hunting has less effect on blacktail populations than on mule deer due to the dense vegetation that provides excellent hiding and escape cover. Plentiful moderate few absent hoof prints 100 0 100 200 km sitka black tailed deer mule deer columbia black tailed deer. Blacktailed deer are a member of the mule deer family and found across the pacific northwest of north america. Blacktailed deer, cedros island blacktailed deer, cedros island mule deer, mule deer. Well meet the dedicated people working to help this majestic icon of the west. The third subspecies in the province, the sitka blacktail of the north coast odocoileus hemionus sitkensis, is similar to the columbia blacktail.
The fourth is the columbian whitetailed deer, which is currently on the endangered species list. They migrate from higher altitudes where they spend the summer to lower elevations during the winter. Twin births are common, but a young doe may give birth to a single fawn. When used alone, some of the identifying characteristics can be confusing. While the black tail is a subspecies of mule deer, there is a noticeable difference between the two. In some cases harvest shifted from mule deer to white. Analysis of deer and elkvehicle collision sites along. Chronic wasting disease is a progressive, fatal neurological disease of captive andor freeranging mule deer odocoileus hemionus, mule deer hybrids, blacktailed deer, whitetailed deer odocoileus virginianus, rocky mountain elk cervus canadensis, and shiras moose alces alces. In fenners veterinary virology fourth edition, 2011. Its antlers are shaped like, but are smaller than, mule deers. Blacktailed deer successful hunting for blacktailed deer is primarily a function of the effort, focus, and energy that hunters put into the hunt.
Bucks dont participate in raising the fawns, instead. Riley woodford is the editor of alaska fish and wildlife news. Interactive map of north american black tailed and mule deer habitat this link takes you to the remote sensinggis lab website at utah state university were you can download gis files and a map note. Consequently, the mule deer is apparently a rather recent form that arose from. Mule and blacktailed deer males have higher annual mortality rates in part due to selective harvest through hunting connolly 1981a. The purpose of this paper is to provide a general overview of the current blacktailed and mule deer odocoileus hemionus population status and general abundance trends throughout their range in north america. Mule deer working group, western association of fish and wildlife agencies. Overabundance of black tailed deer in urbanized coastal. Publications wafwa western association of fish and. This year was the first time the department used email to contact.
Predator relationships with blacktailed and mule deer in north america. Scientific publications the sitka blacktailed deer. Consequently, their value as representatives of californias wildlife resources is high. Ecological relationships mule and blacktailed deer have difficulty moving through snow deeper than 30 cm, so they cannot survive in british columbias extensive alpine and subalpine zones in winter. We found only 4 published studies of the effects of predation on black tailed deer. The smaller black tailed deer odocoileus hemionus columbianus subspecies sometimes also called the columbia black tailed deer ranges west of the cascades and prefers more forested areas, though they have also adapted to the open farmlands of the willamette valley. Lingle, s 2000 seasonal variation in coyote feeding behaviour and mortality of whitetailed deer and mule deer. Rangewide estimation of population size, harvest, and hunter numbers of mule deer provided. Blacktailed deer, blacktail deer, deer, mule deer so, on sunday june 22nd, i was having a conversation with my neighbor. Rangewide status of blacktailed deer and mule deer 2018.
The tail of this deer is black up to the rump, whereas only the tip is black on mule deer. Internet from the oregon government publications collection. The blacktailed deer group and the mule deer group sensu stricto hybridize, and mule deer appear to have. Western association of fish and wildlife agencies this paper provides a general overview of the current black tailed and mule deer odocoileus hemionus population status and general abundance trends throughout their range in north america. The more common northwest whitetailed deer occur throughout most of northeastern oregon including the blue mountains, snake river and parts of the columbia basin. My neighbor is an interesting concept these days because of my extended camping trip. During the day they rest in thickets near streams of water. Abundance of mule deer odocoileus hemionus in western north america is often considered lower than desirable for hunting. Nutrition and metabolism of mule and black tailed deer of north america chapter pdf available january 1981 with 41 reads how we measure reads.
Pdf mitochondrial and nuclear geneticrelationships of. To determine the density of a potential nuisance population in marin county. Whitetailed deer are common throughout pennsylvania. A larger database exist ed for white tailed deer 0. One additional any buck blacktailed deer, one additional any buck mule deer, and one additional any buck whitetailed deer. The relative contributions of predation, forage availability and weather to observed population changes remain unclear and controversial. Young blacktail deer, a subspecies of mule deer, graze on fresh grass at a golf course blacktail deer. Blacktailed deer columbian wetforest coastal areas of wa, or, and southern british columbia, and relativeo. D27 range the whitetailed deer is found in every state in the united states except perhaps alaska and utah. Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis blacktailed or mule deer. Mule deer odocoileus hemionus primary identifying features.
Mule deer carry a unique polymorphism at codon 225, serine s, or phenylalanine f. For blacktailed deer, those gmus open to blacktailed deer hunting except gmu 485 and those gmus closed to. Throughout coastal and inland california, mule and blacktailed deer occur in. Pdf this chapter describes how mule deer digest available foods and how they use energy and nutrients produced from those foods for maintenance and. Historic survival rates and causespecific mortality for columbian. Distribution two subspecies of whitetailed deer occur in oregon. There are two subspecies of the blacktailed deer as well. In addition to deer provided by hunters, fish and game welcomes any photographs or reports of mule and whitetailed deer sightings in alaska.
The mule deer group has as many as 7 subspecies, and the blacktailed deer group. Sparring to establish dominance is common among bucks. Though the blacktailed deer arguably is a species, virtually all recent authorities maintain it as a subspecies of the mule deer o. The 2014 antelope, mule deer, whitetailed deer and elk harvest surveys were conducted by, inc. Texas mule deer are located primarily in the high plains and transpecos regions of west texas. Tail tail is the most distinct and common feature used to differentiate whitetailed and mule deer. Western association of fish and wildlife agencies this paper provides a general overview of the current blacktailed and mule deer odocoileus hemionus population status and general abundance trends throughout their range in north america. An assessment of mule and blacktailed deer habitats and. Abstract abundance of mule deer odocoileus hemionus in western north america is often considered lower than desirable for hunting. This louse can be experimentally transmitted from infested blacktailed deer to mule deer with close confinement and contact robinson 2007. Columbian blacktailed deer odocoileus hemionus columbianus and sitka blacktailed deer odocoileus hemionus sitkensis. Relationships between sitka blacktailed deer and their habitat. Pdf nutrition and metabolism of mule and blacktailed deer of.
Black tail deer and mule deer are both primarily found in the western united states and canada, on the west side of the continental divide. New deer in alaska, alaska department of fish and game. He grew up hunting mule deer in eastern oregon and columbia blacktailed deer in. Blacktailed and mule deer live more than eight to ten years. Sitka blacktailed deer species profile, alaska department of fish. Deerelk workshop proceedings pdf interactive map of north american. Mule deer have a light rump with a black tipped tail. Whats the difference between a blacktailed deer and a. Californias mule and blacktailed deer are among our most visible and widespread wildlife species, inhabiting much of the wildlands in the state. Pdf nutrition and metabolism of mule and blacktailed. This video was produced by the mule deer working group with financial assistance from the. Mule deer, odocoileus hemionus, and columbian blacktailed deer, o.
They migrate from higher altitudes where they spend the summer to. Boone and crockett club score chart pdfs deer hunting. Washington washington implemented aprs in selected mule deer, blacktailed deer, andor whitetailed deer units wdfw 2010. Oregon blacktailed deer management plan oregon state. The smaller columbian blacktailed deer is considered a subspecies of mule deer and is generally found along the pacific coast from san luis obispo county northward into oregon and gradually more inland into. The mule deer odocoileus hemionus is a deer indigenous to western north america. Black tailed and mule deer in british columbia, particularly in winter, are almost entirely separated by the coast range.
A wildlife management institute book hardcover april 1, 1981. Blacktailed deer facts, size, behavior, adaptations, pictures. The blacktailed deer is a subspecies of mule deer odocoileus hemionus. Fawns arrive in may or early june, weighing 6 to 8 pounds. Although mule deer and blacktailed deer are the same species, the mule deers mitochondrial dna, which is passed down through the maternal line, is very close to that of the whitetailed deer and not of the more primitive and ancestral blacktailed deer. A case for standardized ungulate surveys and data management in the western united states, which calls for an improvement in how consistently survey data are collected and stored. However, the blacktailed deer and mule deer subspecies have relatively similar allozyme allele frequencies, and they intergrade in a cline along the west coast from alaska to mexico. The pdf file linked from each plant community name describes the model. Isolated view of a young sitka blacktailed deer standing in the tall grass in the pacific northwest and southern british blacktail deer. Ears are larger than the whitetail and the antlers are dichotomous branches equally not all from one beam. Blacktailed deer further cloud the identification issue because they display characteristics similar to both whitetailed deer and other mule deer subspecies.
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